Mammography is a specialized X-ray imaging method used to examine the internal structure of the breasts. It is one of the most reliable screening tools for the early detection of breast cancer, even before visible lumps or symptoms appear. The doctor recommends a mammogram. Mammography also helps doctors assess the size, shape, and density of breast tissue and identify abnormalities that require further evaluation.

This guide explains how the test works, who needs it, types of mammography, costs in India, preparation steps, risks, benefits, BI-RADS scoring, and what to expect from the report. Understanding how early detection through mammography can lead to better treatment outcomes may encourage more women to consider screening.

Mammography Test Cost in India

The mammography test cost in India generally ranges between ₹650 to ₹3,000, depending on whether one or both breasts are screened. A unilateral mammography (one side) costs around ₹650 – ₹1,300, while a bilateral mammography (both sides) is priced at approximately ₹2,500 or higher. The final cost can vary based on the diagnostic centre, city, imaging technology, and whether additional imaging is required. Mammography is a key screening tool that helps in the early detection of breast abnormalities and breast cancer.

The cost varies based on city, diagnostic centre, type of mammogram, and whether single or both breasts are scanned.

City-wise Mammography Price Range

What Can a Mammogram Detect?

A mammography test is commonly recommended to detect or assess:

• Breast cancer
• Tumours or suspicious masses
• Calcifications or cysts
• Breast pain or nipple discharge
• Abnormalities identified during physical examination
• Changes in breast tissue over time
• Treatment response during breast-related disorders

Mammography uses a low dose of X-rays, making it safe for routine screening.

How Does a Mammogram Work?

During the test:

1. The breast is placed between two flat plates.
2. The plates gently compress the breast tissue.
3. This spreads the tissue evenly, helping the X-ray capture a clear image with minimal radiation.

Compression may feel uncomfortable for some women, but it lasts only a few seconds.

Related Doctors

Select city: All Delhi NCR Chennai Bangalore Mumbai Hyderabad

Dr. Vinod Raina

Medical Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplant

40+ years of experience

Chairperson, OncoSciences; Executive Director & Head, Medical Oncology & Hematology

Fortis Hospital Gurgaon - India

Consult Doctor Book Appointment WhatsApp

Dr. Vikram Pratap Singh

Surgical & Clinical Oncologist

35+ years of experience

Senior Consultant, Surgical Oncology

Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi - India

Consult Doctor Book Appointment WhatsApp

Dr. Kapil Kumar

Surgical Oncologist

30+ years of experience

Director & HOD, Surgical Oncology

Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh – Advanced Oncology Care - India

Consult Doctor Book Appointment WhatsApp

Prof. Dr. Suresh H. Advani

Senior Medical Oncologist & Hematologist

50+ years of experience

Director of Medical Oncology

Jaslok Hospital - India

Consult Doctor Book Appointment WhatsApp

Dr. Pramod Kumar Julka

Medical Oncologist

45+ years

Director

Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket - India

Consult Doctor Book Appointment WhatsApp

Show More

Need More Recommendations ?

Write to Us Whatsapp Us

How Is a Mammography Test Performed?

Mammography is a non-invasive, relatively quick procedure designed to be straightforward and efficient, helping women feel more comfortable and confident about undergoing the test.

Step-by-Step Process

Step 1 — Positioning

A trained female technologist positions your breast on the mammography plate.

Step 2 — Compression

A second plate compresses the breast briefly to spread the tissue.

Step 3 — Imaging

You may be asked to hold your breath to avoid motion blur during the X-ray.

Step 4 — Multiple Angles

Images are taken from different views for better evaluation.

Total time: 10–20 minutes.

Types of Mammography

Mammography today is available in several forms:

1. Film-Screen Mammography (Outdated)

This is a Traditional method, but now largely replaced by digital systems.

2. Digital Mammography (DM)

• Produces high-contrast images
• Better for dense breasts
• Most widely used today

3. 3D Mammography (Breast Tomosynthesis)

• Combines multiple X-ray images
• Creates a 3-dimensional breast image
• Improved accuracy, especially in dense breast tissue

4. MR Mammogram (Breast MRI)

• Uses magnetic waves instead of radiation
• Not a replacement for mammography
• Used when mammogram results are unclear or in high-risk women

5. Sono-Mammography (Breast Ultrasound)

• Uses sound waves instead of X-rays
• Completely radiation-free
• Helpful for women with dense breasts
• Often recommended along with mammography

When Do Doctors Recommend Mammography?

1. Screening

Recommended for early detection in:

• Women aged 40–49 → consult a doctor for a screening plan
• Women aged 50+ → once every 1–2 years

2. Diagnosis

When symptoms or abnormal breast changes appear:

• Lump
• Pain
• Nipple discharge
• Skin dimpling
• Change in breast size or shape

3. Breast Cancer Assessment

Helps determine tumour size, spread, and treatment planning.

4. Fibroadenoma Evaluation

Identifies benign lumps common in younger women.

Is a Mammogram Painful? Most women describe the experience as mildly uncomfortable, not painful. Discomfort is usually brief, lasting only a few seconds, and technologists take steps to minimize it. Most women describe the experience as mildly uncomfortable, not painful.

Discomfort is more common:

• Before menstruation
• In women with sensitive breasts
• If breasts are large or very dense

A trained technologist ensures minimal discomfort.

How to Prepare for a Mammogram

To ensure precise results:

• Avoid applying perfume, deodorant, lotions, or powder under the arms or on the breasts.
• Wear a two-piece outfit (wear loose-fitting clothing) (easier to undress waist-up).
• Inform the technician if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Pregnant patients should avoid this examination because mammography uses X-ray radiation
• Remove jewellery, especially necklaces.

What Not To Do

Avoid mammography:

• A week before your period, if breasts become tender
• If you have silicone breast implants, they may reduce image clarity
• If wearing jewellery or metal accessories

Benefits of Mammography

• Early detection of breast cancer
• Better treatment outcomes
• Detects small tumours, cysts, and calcifications
• Quick, non-invasive, outpatient procedure
• Reduces mortality in early-stage cancers
• Provides reassurance & peace of mind
• Helps monitor changes over time

Risks & Limitations

1. Minimal Radiation Exposure

Modern machines use very low doses; the risk is extremely small.

2. May Not Detect All Cancers

Especially in:

• Dense breasts
• Very small tumours

3. Need for Additional Tests

Your doctor may recommend:

• Ultrasound
• MRI
• Biopsy

If the results are unclear.

5 easy Steps to Get Treated in India

Share Case Details

Get Expert Opinion and Hospital Quotes

Get Visa Invitation & Hotel Recommendations

Get Received At Airport and Start Your Treatment

Travel Back and Get Followups Through Us

Book Consultation Chat on WhatsApp

Understanding Mammography Results

Most centres share reports within 2–12 hours.

Normal Result

• No abnormal lumps
• No suspicious calcifications
• Tissue appears symmetrical

Abnormal Result

May show:

• Calcifications: Calcium deposits
• Masses: Solid lumps or cysts
• Asymmetries: Uneven tissue distribution

BI-RADS Scoring System

Radiologists classify results using BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System).

Sample Mammography Report (Overview)

A typical report includes:

• Breast density
• Findings (masses, calcifications)
• BI-RADS classification
• Recommendations
• Comparison with previous scans

Conclusion

A mammography test, commonly known as a mammogram, is a low-dose X-ray of the breast that is used to screen for and diagnose breast cancer. Regular screenings provide peace of mind and improve the chances of successful treatment, potentially saving lives. While some women may feel brief discomfort during the breast compression process, the advantages of early detection can enhance confidence in proactive health management.

Every woman—especially those with risk factors or aged 40 and above—should speak with a healthcare professional about creating a personalized screening schedule.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How long does a mammogram take?

Mammogram tests take around 10–20 minutes.

2. Can breast density affect results?

Yes. Dense breast tissue can make abnormalities harder to detect.

3. Is the test painful?

Some women experience mild discomfort due to compression; it lasts only a few seconds.

4. Should I still do breast self-examination?

Yes. Mammography does not replace self-exams or clinical examinations.

5. At what age should women start mammograms?

• Age 50+: Once every 2 years
• Age 40–49: Discuss with the doctor based on risk factors

6. Can mammography detect all cancers?

No test is 100% accurate. Some cancers—especially in dense breasts—may not be visible.

7. Do breast implants interfere with mammography?

They can make it harder to see tissues clearly; special views may be needed.

8. Why is breast compression necessary?

It evenly spreads the tissue and improves image clarity while reducing the radiation dose.